Animal welfare during transport: animals in containers

More space, lower temperatures, journeys up to max 12 hours: these are some of the key recommendations to improve the welfare of animals transported in containers, included in a new scientific opinion by EFSA.

Space

Poultry

Sufficient floor space so all can sit at the same time without overlapping. The height of the container should be such that the comb or head does not touch the ceiling when birds sit with their head and neck in a natural posture.

Rabbits

Sufficient floor space to sit in a natural resting posture. The height of the container should be at least 35 cm to ensure rabbits (up to 3 kg) can sit with their ears extended in a comfortable position.

Temperature

The most efficient measure for preventing heat stress is to transport animals in vehicles using effective mechanical ventilation or air conditioning.

Time

The journey duration of animals transported in containers should be considered as the whole time the animals are confined. EFSA recommends journeys up to a maximum of 12 hours, including ‘on farm’ feed withdrawal.

Day-old chicks

EFSA recommends transporting fertilised eggs, instead of day-old chicks, and hatching them on the farm of destination.

Good animal welfare practices not only promote intrinsic animal wellbeing but also help to make animals healthier. This is a key element for the safety of the food chain considering the close links between animal welfare, animal health and food-borne diseases, in line with the One Health principle.